Ulaanbaatar

Founded in 1639 as a nomadic Buddhist monastery complex, Ulaanbaatar is Mongolia's capital and largest city, set in a highland valley ringed by four named mountains and a short drive from the Tuul River. The city holds the distinction of being the world's coldest capital by average annual temperature. A dense café and restaurant scene and a concentration of historic religious buildings in the centre give the city a lively urban core, while the surrounding landscape offers easy access to open country.

• Population844,818
• Nearest water from center 12 km7.7 mi
• Nearest mountain from center 13 km8.3 mi