Tacna

This city in southern Peru with a walkable centre dense with cafés, restaurants, and historic churches, Tacna carries a strong patriotic identity shaped by its role in Peru's independence and the War of the Pacific, with monuments and place names throughout reflecting that history. Declared a "Heroic City" by Peru's Congress in 1821, it also served as the de facto capital of the short-lived Peru-Bolivian Confederation in the 1830s. It sits close to the Chilean border and functions as the main crossing point between the two countries.

• Population286,240
• Nearest water from center 2.3 km1.4 mi
• Nearest mountain from center 2.8 km1.7 mi